Pro-neuregulin-1,Neuregulin-1 beta 1（NRG1） is a single-pass type I membrane protein and belongs to the neuregulin family .It contains 1 EGF-like domain and 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. Direct ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors. The protein concomitantly recruits ERBB1 and ERBB2 coreceptors, resulting in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the ERBB receptors. The multiple isoforms perform diverse functions such as inducing growth and differentiation of epithelial, glial, neuronal, and skeletal muscle cells; inducing expression of acetylcholine receptor in synaptic vesicles during the formation of the neuromuscular junction; stimulating lobuloalveolar budding and milk production in the mammary gland and inducing differentiation of mammary tumor cells; stimulating Schwann cell proliferation; implication in the development of the myocardium such as trabeculation of the developing heart. Isoform 10 may play a role in motor and sensory neuron development.
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