在潮湿空气中易吸潮，高温分解，易溶于水及醇；微溶于醚. 柠檬酸已用于制备: · 柠檬酸磷酸盐缓冲液用于酶联免疫吸附测定 · 柠檬酸盐稳定的二氧化铈水溶胶，其可用于合成氧化铈纳米颗粒。 · 柠檬酸-Na2HPO4缓冲储备溶液用于粪便脲酶活性的测定 · 抗凝血柠檬酸葡萄糖溶液A（ACD-A），可用于分离血液来源的内皮祖细胞。 柠檬酸还可用于： · 在一种新方法中，它可实现在合成钯立方八面体时对粒子的大小进行控制。 · 通过自下而上碳化法制备柠檬酸衍生的碳纳米点（CND）。 · 作为一种双组分螯合剂，通过一种新型的溶胶-凝胶法合成Li4Ti5O12（钛酸锂）。

Citric Acid is an acidic compound from citrus fruits; as a starting point in the Krebs cycle, citrate is a key intermediate in metabolism. Citric acid is one of a series of compounds responsible for the physiological oxidation of fats, carbohydrates and proteins to carbon dioxide and water. Often used to prepare citrate buffer for antigen retrieval of tissue samples. The citrate solution is designed to break protein cross-links; thus, unmasking antigens and epitopes in formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue sections, resulting in enhancing staining intensity of antibodies. Citrate has anticoagulant activity; as a calcium chelator, it forms complexes that disrupt the tendency of blood to clot. May be used to adjust pH and as a sequestering agent for the removal of trace metals.
Used in the preparation of citrate buffer for antigen and epitope unmasking in IHC.

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